Thanks, Willl. That makes sense. The other point I meant to make but didn't think to say is that the risk really is all over the map, depending on the nature of the percutaneous exposure. A deep slash with a scalpel in the middle of a bloody operatiing field undoubtedly carries far higher risk than 1 in 300; and the more typical superficial needle stick probably well under that, maybe even less than 1 in 1000. In any case, the generalization applies: if percutaneous injury with a contaminated instrument carries only a 1 in 300 risk, what can it be through shared athletic equipment? Or for that matter a quick BJ?
Thanks again-- HHH, MD
Unless it has changed in the last 6 months, percutaneous risk is still being referenced at 1/300, mucous membrane contact with blood is about 1/1000.
There is no chance of HIV transmission through the exposure you describe. If that was a risk, HIV would be endemic among all wrestlers, boxers, and perhaps gym users in general. In any case, there is no HIV in sweat, and the amount of virus you could plausibly be exposed to through the superficial scratches you describe simply would bee much to low to cause infection. By way of comparison, when health care providers are stuck with sharp instruments contaminated with HIV infected blood, the overall rate of HIV transmission is (last time I read the data) around 1 chance in 1000. (I would be happy if someone wants to look up the most recent data and check me out.) Many non-medical folks assume that all it takes is 1 virus to transmit HIV. in fact, it probably takes thousands or even millions of virus particles.
Anyway, don't lose any sleep over HIv exposure through contaminated athletic gear. Use common sense hygiene, of course--but the reason is primarily to protect against other garden-variety infections, not HIV.
Good luck-- HHH, MD